Front camber adjustment
1 – beam bracket fastening bolt; 2 – an arm of a beam of a forward suspension bracket; 3 - front half-beam
Adjustment of a convergence of forward wheels
1 - locknut; 2 – steering draft; 3 – a tip of draft
Checking the angle of rotation of the front wheels
a - the distance between the tire and the front suspension arm
Wheel alignment is recommended to be done at a service station.
The wheel alignment angles must be adjusted if the following parts were removed:
- front suspension arm;
- rounded fist;
- tie rod or tie rod end;
- steering gear;
- front suspension beam;
- front suspension strut;
- front suspension beam bracket;
- anti-roll bar;
- rear axle.
The adjustment is made:
- with proper steering and chassis;
- at normal tire pressure;
- with a difference in tread height on the left and on the right of no more than 2 mm;
- with the curb weight of the vehicle.
Attention! If, when checking the wheel alignment angles, the obtained values are different from those indicated, you must first check the transverse inclination of the car body.
Checking and adjusting the toe-in of the front wheels
1. Check and, if necessary, adjust the camber of the front wheels.
2. Check rear wheel camber.
3. Check rear wheel alignment.
4. Check and, if necessary, adjust the front wheel alignment.
Front camber adjustment
Camber is adjusted by shifting the front suspension beam brackets (see table. Front wheel alignment).
1. Loosen bolts 1 (see fig. Front camber adjustment).
2. Move bracket 2 of the beam so that the camber on both sides is the same.
3. Check the angle of inclination of the axis of rotation of the wheel.
4. Replace bolts 1 and tighten them to 70 Nm, then tighten by 90°.
Rear wheel camber check
The camber angle of the rear wheels is not adjustable. If it differs from the nominal (see table. Rear wheel alignment), replace the rear axle beam.
Checking the convergence of the rear wheels
The convergence of the rear wheels is not regulated. If it differs from the nominal (see table. Rear wheel alignment), replace the rear axle beam
Adjustment of a convergence of forward wheels
The convergence of the front wheels is regulated by changing the length of the steering rods. When adjusting, the wheels must be set to the straight-ahead position (see table. Front wheel alignment).
1. Loosen lock nuts 1 (see fig. Adjustment of a convergence of forward wheels) at both sides.
2. By turning the steering rods 2 with a hexagon wrench, achieve the required convergence of the wheels. In this case, the length of the right and left rods should be the same.
3. Tighten lock nuts 1.
Attention! After turning the steering rods, the protective covers of the steering mechanism must not be twisted.
4. Recheck the wheel alignment and re-adjust if necessary.
Checking and adjusting the angle of rotation of the front wheels
The angles of rotation of the front wheels are adjusted by changing the length of the steering rods.
Check and adjust in the following cases:
- the difference between the maximum turning angles of the right and left wheels exceeds 2°;
- at maximum turn, the wheel touches suspension or body parts;
- The left turning radius of the vehicle is different from the right turning radius.
1. Turn the steering wheel to the extreme position, first in one direction and then in the other direction and measure the distance a (see fig. Checking the angle of rotation of the front wheels) for right and left wheels. The resulting values must be the same.
2. Loosen locknut 1 (see fig. Adjustment of a convergence of forward wheels) and, wrapping or unscrewing the steering rod, achieve the required angle of rotation of the wheel.
3. Loosen or tighten the tie rod on the other side by the same number of turns. Then tighten lock nuts 1.
4. Check and, if necessary, adjust the wheel alignment.
Checking the deviation of the rear axle from driving in a straight line
The deflection of the rear axle is not regulated.
1. Measure the toe of the right and left rear wheels.
2. Calculate the deviation. If the value of the convergence of the right and left wheels have the same signs (positive or negative), you need to subtract the smaller value from the larger value and divide in half. For example: left wheel toe +15`, right wheel +5`, then (15 - 5) / 2=5. Hence, the deviation of the rear axle is 5`. If the value of the convergence of the right and left wheels have different signs, you need to add their absolute values and divide them into hits. For example: left wheel toe +15`, right wheel - 5`, then (15 + 5) / 2 = 10. Deflection of the rear axle is 10`.
Front wheel alignment
Parameter | Standard suspension | Suspension with increased ground clearance |
wheel alignment | 0° ± 10` | 0° ± 10` |
The difference in the angles of rotation of the wheels when turning the wheel by 20° | -1°30` ± 20`* 55` ± 20`** | -1°28` ± 20`* |
The difference in the angles of rotation of the wheels at the maximum angle of rotation | 6°50`* 4°5`** | 6°50`* |
Camber angle | -30` ± 30` | -15` ± 30` |
The maximum allowable difference between the camber angles of the right and left wheels | 30` | 30` |
Angle of inclination of the axis of rotation of the wheel | 4°28` ± 30`* 2°51` ± 30`** | 4°14` ± 30`* |
* Power steering.
** Steering without power steering.
Rear wheel alignment
Parameter | Standard suspension | Suspension with increased ground clearance |
wheel alignment | 20` ± 10` | 15` ± 10` |
Camber angle | -1°25` ± 10` | -1°25` ± 10` |
The maximum allowable difference between the camber angles of the right and left wheels | 30` | 30` |
The maximum permissible deviation of the rear axle from driving in a straight line | 20` | 20` |