Auxiliary parts and engine components
1 - plug of the filler neck; 2 - oil dipstick; 3 - guide pipe of the oil dipstick; 4 - guide tube of the oil dipstick; 5 - connecting tube for deaeration of the engine crankcase; 6 - bracket; 7 - sealing washer; 8 - oil filter bracket; 9 - bracket bolt; 10 - partition in the oil flow; 11 - overpressure valve (opens at an overpressure of 0.25–0.32 MPa); 12 - oil nozzle; 13 - partition from oil overflow; 14 - oil pump with chain drive; 15 – a bolt of fastening of the bottom cover of the engine; 16 – the bottom cover of the engine; 17 – a bolt of fastening of the oil pump; 18 - compensatory insert; 19 - sealing washer; 20 - oil drain bolt (M = 30 Nm); 21 - centering inserts; 22 - oil pump drive chain; 23 - front sealing cover; 24 - crankshaft sealing washer - gufero; 25 – a bolt of fastening of a pulley of a belt drive; 26 – a pulley of a drive of the gas distribution mechanism; 27 – an asterisk of a drive of the oil pump; 28 - chain tensioner
Bracket for alternator, power steering pump and air conditioning pump
1 – a bolt of fastening of the tension device of a lot of a groovy belt; 2 - tensioning device of a multi-ribbed belt; 3 - pulley with vibration damper; 4 – a bolt of fastening of the generator; 5 - generator; 6 - bolt; 7 - bracket; 8 – a bolt of fastening of an arm; 9 – a bolt of fastening of the pump of the amplifier of a wheel; 10 - flow bolt; 11 - sealing washer; 12 - eye of the supply pipeline; 13 - sealing washer; 14 - pump (vane pump) power steering; 15 - pump pulley; 16 - pulley bolt; 17 - pulley bolt; 18 - multi-ribbed belt
Oil filter bracket with air release and accessories
1 - bracket bolt; 2 - bracket; 3 - guides; 4 - connecting tube; 5 - bracket; 6 - sealing washer; 7 - locking screw; 8 - sealing ring; 9 - locking screw; 10 - baroscope (includes at 0.14 MPa); 11 – a bolt of an arm of the oil filter; 12 - oil cooler; 13 - oil filter; 14 - sealing washer; 15 - locking screw; 16 - overpressure valve (opens at a pressure of 0.35–0.45 MPa); 17 - partition in the oil flow; 18 - oil filter bracket
Installation of an oil pump and a baffle that prevents rapid oil overflow
1 – a bolt of fastening of a soaking-up tube; 2 - oil suction pipe; 3 - sealing washer; 4 - oil pump with drive sprocket; 5 - centering bushings; 6 – oil pump drive chain; 7 – a bolt of fastening of the oil pump; 8 - partition against oil overflow; 9 - compensatory gasket
Lambda control in conjunction with a controlled catalyst is the most effective way to eliminate harmful substances from the exhaust products of a gasoline engine.
Triple-acting catalyst activity is optimal as long as the engine is operating within a narrow stoichiometric mixture ratio range (weight), denoted as lambda = 1. Lambda shows how different the actual value of the mixture ratio is from the theoretical one. Therefore, there is always a comparison whether the exhaust gases contain excess fuel, which may appear there as a result of incomplete combustion.
Oxygen, or lambda probe placed in the exhaust stream (in vehicles with a 1.8-92 kW engine in the front catalytic converter cone). After starting the engine, it needs a good warm-up until it reaches its operating temperature. It will reach this temperature in 20–30 seconds and the whole lambda adjustment system comes into play.
The ceramic material of the oxygen probe is permeable to oxygen ions at a temperature not lower than 300°C. The outer surface of the ceramic is in the exhaust gases, while the inner part is in the normal atmosphere. The difference in the concentration of oxygen ions forms a signal that is a measure of the oxygen content in the exhaust gases. In the control unit of the BOSCH-MOTRONIC system, this signal is used to change the injection time in such a way that the mixture ratio changes. This is how the lambda signal is held = 1 (0,99–1,01). The catalyst is a multi-link ceramic monolith, the surface layers of which are composed of three noble metals: platinum, palladium and rhodium in a ratio of 1:14:1. In order to bring the catalyst up to operating temperature as quickly as possible after a cold start, move the ignition point back by 15°of crankshaft rotation and slightly increase the idle speed. Thus, more energy is released from the exhaust gases and the heating time is reduced by almost half.
The following items also apply to the complete engine (see fig. Auxiliary parts and engine components).
Bracket for alternator - power steering pump - air conditioning compressor is located on the left side of the engine (front when viewed in the direction of travel). The generator and power steering pump are fixed on the bracket (see fig. Bracket for alternator, power steering pump and air conditioning pump).
The coolant pump is located in the cavity of the crankcase on the side of the gas distributor gears and is driven by a toothed belt drive along with them. The pump is a compact mounting unit and in the event of a malfunction, just like the unit, it must be replaced in the service. Turbine pump impeller. It is attached to the crankcase of the engine with a flange, which is part of the pump. The flange is screwed with two M8 bolts into the threaded holes in the crankcase, which simultaneously hold the protective cover behind the toothed belt drive of the pump drive. The seal to the block is provided by a rubber washer. The pump bearings are filled with grease.
Engine lubrication is circulating, under pressure, with complete oil filtration. The amount of engine oil when changing it is 3.5 liters. The recommended oil is given in the SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS and here we can only add that the engine oil must meet the TL 52 107 standard (VW 50000 or VW 50101, ACEA A2). The oil dipstick is made of steel strip and is inserted into a tube installed in a hole in the crankcase of the engine and attached to the top of the suction module.
The lubrication system contains a pressure switch - a baroscope, which acts as a reverse action switch. If there is no pressure on its contacts, the switch is on, the control light is on. If the oil pressure rises by 0.015±0.01 MPa, the light will go out. The operating range of the baroscope is from 0.015 to 0.035 MPa.
Deaeration of the engine crankcase is carried out using an oil separator. It is made of plastic and is mounted on the crankcase under the suction pipe. The oil separator is connected to the air filter tube with a hose. Thus, oil vapors enter the incoming air (see fig. Oil filter bracket with air release and accessories). Oil pump assembly (see fig. Installation of an oil pump and a baffle that prevents rapid oil overflow) connected to the suction grid (located in the space between the partitions of the lower engine cover) hose. The pump is gear driven and driven by a roller chain from the crankshaft sprocket. At pump speed 1000 1/min. and engine oil temperature 80°С (oil 20 SAE) the recommended amount is 7.1 liters (those. about 6 kg) per minute at a pressure of 0.4–0.5 MPa.
The pump is mounted in the lower part of the crankcase of the engine with the possibility of setting the chain tension when moving the pump. An overpressure valve is located on the pump casing, which provides the possibility of returning oil at an overpressure of 0.4–0.5 MPa. The mesh on the pump casing traps dirt and can be cleaned. The oil filter is for single use only. It should always be changed at the same time as changing the engine oil. Filter designed for full oil flow (M = 15–20 Nm).
The lower engine cover is made of die-cast aluminium. The cover is attached to the engine crankcase with seventeen M6 bolts. A sealing mastic is applied between the seating surfaces of the crankcase and the cover. The oil drain plug has an M14 x 1.5 thread and a 19 mm hexagon wrench. The cork is sealed with a metal washer, which is replaced with each new wrapping of the cork.
The lid has baffles to reduce oil overflow. Between them is the suction grid of the oil pump.