General information
The starting and charging systems are the main components of the engine electrical equipment. Since the operation of these systems is related to the functioning of the engine, they are considered separately from other on-board electrical equipment, such as lighting devices, control devices, etc., which are covered in a separate Chapter On-board electrical equipment.
The nominal voltage of the vehicle's on-board power supply is 12 V. Grounding is provided via the negative pole.
All models come standard with a sealed, maintenance-free or minimally serviced rechargeable battery. The battery is recharged from a belt-driven alternator driven by a crankshaft pulley.
The starter is designed with a preliminary engagement and is equipped with a built-in traction relay. When the engine is started, the relay plunger moves to the operating position and engages the starter pinion with the flywheel ring gear before power is supplied to the electric motor. The starter pinion is equipped with an overrunning clutch, which protects the electric motor from turning when the engine speed exceeds the permissible value.
Detailed information on the operating principle and maintenance of the various system components is provided below in the relevant Sections of the Chapter. If any components fail, they are usually replaced.
Precautionary measures
When servicing components of electrical equipment systems, special precautions must be taken to avoid the risk of failure of semiconductor elements and to prevent electrical injuries.
When servicing electrical equipment, be sure to remove wristwatches, rings, and other metal jewelry. Even with the battery disconnected, the discharge of capacitors when their terminals are accidentally grounded can result in electric shock or severe burns.
Do not reverse the polarity when connecting the battery. Components such as the generator or electronic control units contain semiconductor elements that can be damaged if the wires are connected incorrectly.
When starting the engine from an external power source, or connecting a charger, also observe the polarity of the wire connections (see the relevant Section at the end of the Guide).
Never disconnect electrical wiring from the battery, alternator or diagnostic equipment while the engine is running.
Do not allow the engine to turn over the disconnected generator.
Never test the generator output voltage by grounding its terminals.
Do not use ohmmeters equipped with a hand dynamo to check for continuity in a circuit.
When performing any electrical maintenance work, make sure the negative cable is disconnected from the battery.
Before using arc welding, be sure to disconnect the battery, alternator and components such as the fuel/ignition ECU to avoid the risk of damage.
The audio system included in the standard Skoda car package is equipped with a built-in coded blocker, preventing the possibility of unauthorized switching on of a stolen radio. The protection is triggered even if the on-board power supply is briefly disconnected. Before disconnecting the wires from the battery, make sure that you have the code for disabling the radio blocker (for more details, see Chapter On-board electrical equipment).
Note: On removable radios, the protection may be activated 24 hours after the unit has been removed from the receiver.
On models equipped with an anti-theft alarm, before disconnecting the battery, do not forget to turn off the alarm with the key - the lock is located in the rear of the main control unit of the anti-theft system.
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