2. The first cylinder is located on the right side of the engine (closest to the timing belt). The following paragraphs describe the procedure for bringing the piston of a given cylinder to the TDC position at the end of the compression stroke. Remember that the normal rotation of the crankshaft is considered to be clockwise (looking from the right side of the car).
3. Disconnect the negative battery cable. If necessary, remove all spark plugs (see Chapter Routine maintenance) in order to facilitate engine cranking.
4. On models with an ignition distributor, release the clamps and remove the cover from the distributor housing together with the high-voltage wires connected to it.
5. Turn the steering wheel all the way to the right. Remove the three screws securing the right side section of the crankcase guard and remove the section to gain access to the crankshaft pulley mounting bolt.
6. Using a socket wrench on the crankshaft pulley bolt, turn the engine in the normal direction until the mark on the inner rim of the crankshaft pulley aligns with the zero mark on the timing chain cover scale. On models without a distributor, there may be no mark on the pulley, despite the presence of a scale on the cover. In this case, bring the engine to the TDC position, then apply the mark yourself (directly opposite the zero mark of the scale).
7. After following the instructions given in the previous paragraphs, the pistons of the first and fourth cylinders of the engine will be in the TDC position. Moreover, only one of them will be at the end of the compression stroke.
8. On models with a distributor, the correct positioning of the engine to TDC (end of the compression stroke of the first cylinder) can be checked by turning the runner nose towards the mark on the distributor housing rim. If the runner is turned in the opposite direction, then the fourth cylinder is at the end of the compression stroke and the crankshaft should be turned another full revolution (360°) clockwise.
9. On models without a distributor, confirmation of the piston approaching the TDC position at the end of the compression stroke can be checked by the pressure increase in the cylinder. Plug the spark plug hole of the first cylinder with your finger and turn the crankshaft until the pressure inside the cylinder rises to its maximum value.
10. In order to move from the initial TDC position of the engine to the TDC positions of the end of the compression stroke of the remaining cylinders (in the order of ignition - see. Specifications at the beginning of the Chapter), the crankshaft should be consistently turned clockwise by 180°.