1. Jack up the front of the vehicle and place it securely on axle stands.
2. Visually inspect the ball joint dust caps and steering gear boots for cracks, abrasions or dirt (photo). Any wear on these components will result in loss of lubrication and rapid fouling of the ball joints or steering gear.
3. Take the wheel from above and below and try to rock it (see photo). There may be a slight play, but if it is large, further investigation is needed. Continue pumping the wheel while the assistant presses the brake pedal. If the play is now eliminated or reduced, then the hub bearings are faulty. If there is still play, then there is wear in the suspension joints.
4. Now take the wheel on the sides and try to rock it as before. Any movement can be caused by worn hub bearings or tie rod ball joints. If the inner or outer ball joint is worn, movement will be noticeable.
5. Using a large screwdriver or flat bar, check the upper bushings in the suspension for wear by lifting up the suspension components. There should be some movement as the bushings are made of rubber, but excessive wear should be evident. Also check the condition of all visible rubber bushings.
6. With the vehicle on wheels, have an assistant turn the steering wheel back and forth one eighth of a turn. There should be some play between the steering wheel and the wheels. If this is not the case, inspect the hinges and bushings. as previously described, also check the steering column universal joints and steering gear for wear.